6. General learning outcomes K to 12

Science, technology, society, and the environment

By the end of grade 3 (STSE/Knowledge)

It is expected that students will...

100

investigate objects and events in their immediate environment, and use appropriate language to develop understanding and to communicate results

101

demonstrate and describe ways of using materials and tools to help answer science questions and to solve practical problems

102

describe how science and technology affect their lives and those of people and other living things in their community

103

undertake personal actions to care for their immediate environment and contribute to responsible group decisions

By the end of grade 6

It is expected that students will...

104

demonstrate that science and technology use specific processes to investigate the natural and constructed world or to seek solutions to practical problems

105

demonstrate that science and technology develop over time

106

describe ways that science and technology work together in investigating questions and problems and in meeting specific needs

107

describe applications of science and technology that have developed in response to human and environmental needs

108

describe positive and negative effects that result from applications of science and technology in their own lives, the lives of others, and the environment

By the end of grade 9

It is expected that students will...

109

describe various processes used in science and technology that enable us to understand natural phenomena and develop technological solution

110

describe the development of science and technology over time

111

explain how science and technology interact with and advance one another

112

illustrate how the needs of individuals, society, and the environment influence and are influenced by scientific and technological endeavours

113

analyse social issues related to the applications and limitations of science and technology, and explain decisions in terms of advantages and disadvantages for sustainability, considering a few perspectives

Skills

By the end of grade 3

It is expected that students will...

200

ask questions about objects and events in their immediate environment and develop ideas about how those questions might be answered

201

observe and explore materials and events in their immediate environment and record the results

202

identify patterns and order in objects and events studied

203

work with others and share and communicate ideas about their explorations

By the end of grade 6

It is expected that students will...

204

ask questions about objects and events in the local environment and develop plans to investigate those questions

205

observe and investigate their environment and record the results

206

interpret findings from investigations using appropriate methods

207

work collaboratively to carry out science- related activities and communicate ideas, procedures, and results

By the end of grade 9

It is expected that students will...

208

ask questions about relationships between and among observable variables and plan investigations to address those questions

209

conduct investigations into relationships between and among observations, and gather and record qualitative and quantitative data

210

analyse qualitative and quantitative data and develop and assess possible explanations

211

work collaboratively on problems and use appropriate language and formats to communicate ideas, procedures, and results

By the end of grade 12

It is expected that students will...

212

ask questions about observed relationships and plan investigations of questions, ideas, problems, and issues

213

conduct investigations into relationships between and among observable variables, and use a broad range of tools and techniques to gather and record data and information

214

analyse data and apply mathematical and conceptual models to develop and assess possible explanations

215

work as a member of a team in addressing problems, and apply the skills and conventions of science in communicating information and ideas and in assessing results

Knowledge

By the end of grade 6

It is expected that students will...

300

describe and compare characteristics and properties of living things, objects, and materials

301

describe and predict causes, effects, and patterns related to change in living and non-living things

302

describe interactions within natural systems and the elements required to maintain these systems

303

describe forces, motion, and energy and relate them to phenomena in their observable environment

By the end of grade 9

It is expected that students will...

Life science

304

explain and compare processes that are responsible for the maintenance of an organism's life

305

explain processes responsible for the continuity and diversity of life

306

describe interactions and explain dynamic equilibrium within ecological systems

Physical science

307

describe the properties and components of matter and explain interactions between those components

308

describe sources and properties of energy, and explain energy transfers and transformations

309

recognize that many phenomena are caused by forces and explore various situations involving forces

Earth and space science

310

explain how Earth provides both a habitat for life and a resource for society

311

explain patterns of change and their effects on Earth

312

describe the nature and components of the universe

By the end of grade 12

It is expected that students will...

Life science

313

compare and contrast the reproduction and development of representative organisms

314

determine how cells use matter and energy to maintain organization necessary for life

315

demonstrate an understanding of the structure and function of genetic material

316

analyse the patterns and products of evolution

317

compare and contrast mechanisms used by organisms to maintain homeostasis

318

evaluate relationships that affect the biodiversity and sustainability of life within the biosphere

Chemistry

319

identify and explain the diversity of organic compounds and their impact on the environment

320

demonstrate an understanding of the characteristics and interactions of acids and bases

321

illustrate and explain the various forces that hold structures together at the molecular level, and relate the properties of matter to its structure

322

use the redox theory in a variety of contexts related to electrochemistry

323

demonstrate an understanding of solutions and stoichiometry in a variety of contexts

324

predict and explain energy transfers in chemical reactions

Physics

325

analyse and describe relationships between force and motion

326

analyse interactions within systems, using the laws of conservation of energy and momentum

327

predict and explain interactions between waves and with matter, using the characteristics of waves

328

explain the fundamental forces of nature, using the characteristics of gravitational, electric, and magnetic fields

329

analyse and describe different means of energy transmission and transformation

Earth and space science

330

demonstrate an understanding of the nature and diversity of energy sources and matter in the universe

331

describe and predict the nature and effects of changes to terrestrial systems

332

demonstrate an understanding of the relationships among systems responsible for changes to Earth's surface

333

describe the nature of space and its components and the history of the observation of space

Attitudes

K to 3

It is expected that students will be encouraged to...

400

recognize the role and contribution of science in their understanding of the world

401

show interest in and curiosity about objects and events within their immediate environment

402

willingly observe, question, and explore

403

consider their observations and their own ideas when drawing a conclusion

404

appreciate the importance of accuracy

405

be open-minded in their explorations

406

work with others in exploring and investigating

407

be sensitive to the needs of other people, other living things, and the local environment

408<

show concern for their safety and that of others in carrying out activities and using materials

4 to 6

It is expected that students will be encouraged to...

409

appreciate the role and contribution of science and technology in their understanding of the world

410

realize that the applications of science and technology can have both intended and unintended effects

411

recognize that women and men of any cultural background can contribute equally to science

412

show interest and curiosity about objects and events within different environments

413

willingly observe, question, explore, and investigate

414

show interest in the activities of individuals working in scientific and technological fields

415

consider their own observations and ideas as well as those of others during investigations and before drawing conclusions

416

appreciate the importance of accuracy and honesty

417

demonstrate perseverance and a desire to understand

418

work collaboratively while exploring and investigating

419

be sensitive to and develop a sense of responsibility for the welfare of other people, other living things, and the environment

420

show concern for their safety and that of others in planning and carrying out activities and in choosing and using materials

421

become aware of potential dangers

7 to 9

It is expected that students will be encouraged to...

422

appreciate the role and contribution of science and technology in our understanding of the world

423

appreciate that the applications of science and technology can have advantages and disadvantages

424

appreciate and respect that science has evolved from different views held by women and men from a variety of societies and cultural backgrounds

425

show a continuing curiosity and interest in a broad scope of science-related fields and issues

426

confidently pursue further investigations and readings

427

consider many career possibilities in science- and technology-related fields

428

consider observations and ideas from a variety of sources during investigations and before drawing conclusions

429

value accuracy, precision, and honesty

430

persist in seeking answers to difficult questions and solutions to difficult problems

431

work collaboratively in carrying out investigations as well as in generating and evaluating ideas

432

be sensitive and responsible in maintaining a balance between the needs of humans and a sustainable environment

433

project, beyond the personal, consequences of proposed actions

434

show concern for safety in planning, carrying out, and reviewing activities

435

become aware of the consequences of their actions

10 to 12

It is expected that students will be encouraged to...

436

value the role and contribution of science and technology in our understanding of phenomena that are directly observable and those that are not

437

appreciate that the applications of science and technology can raise ethical dilemmas

438

value the contributions to scientific and technological development made by women and men from many societies and cultural backgrounds

439

show a continuing and more informed curiosity and interest in science and science-related issues

440

acquire, with interest and confidence, additional science knowledge and skills, using a variety of resources and methods, including formal research

441

consider further studies and careers in science- and technology-related fields

442

confidently evaluate evidence and consider alternative perspectives, ideas, and explanations

443

use factual information and rational explanations when analysing and evaluating

444

value the processes for drawing conclusions

445

work collaboratively in planning and carrying out investigations, as well as in generating and evaluating ideas

446

have a sense of personal and shared responsibility for maintaining a sustainable environment

447

project the personal, social, and environmental consequences of proposed action

448

want to take action for maintaining a sustainable environment

449

show concern for safety and accept the need for rules and regulations

450

be aware of the direct and indirect consequences of their actions

Framework table of contents or Next section or Title page